UJI AKTIVITAS ANTIKOLESTEROL EKSTRAK DAUN KETEPENG CINA (Cassia alata L.) TERHADAP PENURUNAN KADAR KOLESTEROL MENCIT PUTIH JANTAN (Mus musculus L.)

  • Nisa Khoirila Universitas Pekalongan
  • Muhammad Walid Universitas Pekalongan
Keywords: Cassia alata L, Mice, Anticholesterol

Abstract

High levels of cholesterol in the blood can increase the risk of hypertension, coronary heart disease (CHD), stroke, peripheral artery disease (PAD), and type 2 diabetes. One potential plant for traditional medicine to lower cholesterol levels is Cassia alata L. Cassia alata L. is known to contain flavonoid compounds, suspected to act as cholesterol-lowering agents in the body. This study aimed to determine the anti-cholesterol activity of Cassia alata L. in reducing cholesterol levels in male white mice (Mus musculus L.). The research employed an experimental design, utilizing the maceration method with 96% ethanol as the solvent for extraction. Male white mice aged 3-4 months, weighing 20-30 grams, were used as test subjects. The first group served as the positive control using simvastatin suspension, the second group as the negative control using 0.5% Na CMC solution, the third group received Cassia alata L. extract at a concentration of F1 (10%), F2 (20%), F3 (30%). Data analysis was performed using One Way Anova.  The results of the One-way Anova test obtained F count 31.192 > F table 3.48 and sig. value of 0.000 <0.05, so Ho is rejected and Ha is accepted which can be concluded that there is an effect of anticholesterol activity on Cassia alata L. extract. concentration of 10%, 20%, and 30%. Then in the Post Hoc Test using LSD, K (+) showed the same results as F3 (30%) with a significant value of 0.54 so that p>0.05 which showed no significant difference in anticholesterol effectiveness between K (+) and F3 (30%). The results revealed that Cassia alata L. extract at concentrations of 10%, 20%, and 30% exhibited activity in reducing cholesterol levels, which is F3 (30%) demonstrating the most significant cholesterol-lowering effect. This is attributed to the presence of flavonoid compounds in the Cassia alata L. extract.

References

Asmah, N., Halimatussakdiah, & Amna, U. (2020). Analisa Kandungan Senyawa Metabolit Sekunder Ekstrak Daun Ketepeng Cina (Cassia alata L.) dari Bireum Bayeun, Aceh Timur. QUIMICA: Jurnal Kimia Sains Dan Terapan, 2(2), 7–10. https://doi.org/10.33059/jq.v2i2.2646

Asworo, R. Y., & Widwiastuti, H. (2023). Pengaruh Ukuran Serbuk Simplisia dan Waktu Maserasi terhadap Aktivitas Antioksidan Ekstrak Kulit Sirsak. Indonesian Journal of Pharmaceutical Education, 3(2), 256–263. https://doi.org/10.37311/ijpe.v3i2.19906

Bachmid, N. (2015). Uji Aktivitas Antikolesterol Ekstrak Etanol Daun Patikan Emas (Euphorbia prunifolia Jacq.) pada Tikus Wistar yang Hiperkolesterolemia. Jurnal MIPA, 4(1), 29. https://doi.org/10.35799/jm.4.1.2015.6901

Peraturan Badan Pengawas Obat dan Makanan Nomor 18 Tahun 2021 Tentang Pedoman Uji Farmakodinamik Praklinik Obat Tradisional, 66 (2021).

Deswita, S., Sulung, N., & Putra, B. H. (2022). The Effectiveness of Red Ginger (Zingiber officinale Rosc) and White Ginger Extract (Zingiber officinale Var. Rubrum) on Total Cholesterol Levels of Mice (Mus musculus). Human Care Journal, 7(3), 621–629.

Dwitiyanti, Sunaryo, H., & Kania, I. R. (2015). Uji Aktivitas Antihiperkolesterolemia Fraksi Etil Asetat Ekstrak Daun Kelor (Moringa oleifera Lam.) Terhadap Kadar Kolesterol Total dan LDL Kolesterol Pada Hamster Hiperkolesterolemia. Pharmacy Journal Indonesia, 12(02), 4–9.

Egra, S., Mardiana, M., Kurnia, A., Kartina, K., Murtilaksono, A., & Kuspradini, H. (2019). Uji Potensi Ekstrak Daun Tanaman Ketepeng (Cassia alata L.) Dalam Menghambat Pertumbuhan Bakteri Ralstonia solanacearum dan Streptococcus sobrinus. ULIN: Jurnal Hutan Tropis, 3(1), 25–31. https://doi.org/10.32522/ujht.v3i1.2059

Fajri, F., Lestari, W. M., Febrina, B. P., Sandri, D., Maulana, F., Lulu, A., Hutabarat, R., & Ali, A. M. (2023). Profil Fitokimia Ekstrak Daun Gelinggang (Cassia alata L.) Sebagai Kandidat Antibiotic Growth Promoter (AGP) Ternak Unggas. Jurnal Peternakan Borneo, 2(1).

Febriani, W. (2017). Efek Pemberian Simvastatin Terhadap Kadar Kolesterol Telur Puyuh. Biosfer Jurnal Tadris Biologi, 8(2), 158–170. https://doi.org/10.24042/biosf.v8i2.2304

Firmansyah, & Sandistira, A. (2020). Uji Toksisitas Akut Ekstrak Daun Talas (Colocasia esculenta L.) Terhadap Larva Udang (Artemia salina Leach) dengan Metode Brine Shrimp Lethality test. Jurnal Kesehatan Yamasi Makassar, 4(1), 79–86.

Handajani, F. (2021). Metode Pemilihan dan Pembuatan Hewan Model Beberapa Penyakit Pada Penelitian Eksperimental. Zifatama Jawara.

Handayani, A., Dharmono, D., & Irianti, R. (2022). Kajian Etnobotani Cassia alata L. (Gelinggang) Pada Masyarakat Dayak Bakumpai Desa Bagus Kabupaten Barito Kuala Sebagai Buku Ilmiah Populer. JUPEIS : Jurnal Pendidikan Dan Ilmu Sosial, 1(4), 21–31. https://doi.org/10.57218/jupeis.vol1.iss4.293

Husen, F., Ratnaningtyas, N. I., Hidayah Khasanah, N. A., & Yuniati, N. I. (2022). Peningkatan Kadar Kolesterol dan Usia Pada Ibu Rumah Tangga. Jurnal Ilmiah Kesehatan Sandi Husada, 11, 351–359. https://doi.org/10.35816/jiskh.v11i2.775

Indriyani, R., Handayani, D., Nurhamidah, & Sundaryono, A. (2023). Uji Aktivitas Antikolesterol Ekstrak Batang Uncaria cordata (Lour.) Merr. Terhadap Kadar Kolesterol Total Mencit Jantan (Mus musculus). Jurnal Pendidikan Dan Ilmu Kimia, 7(1), 81–87.

Lumbessy, M., Abidjulu, J., & Paendong, J. J. E. (2013). Uji Total Flavonoid Pada Beberapa Tanaman Obat Tradisonal Di Desa Waitina Kecamatan Mangoli Timur Kabupaten Kepulauan Sula Provinsi Maluku Utara. Jurnal MIPA, 2(1), 50. https://doi.org/10.35799/jm.2.1.2013.766

Malaka, M. H., Wahyuni, Hamid, M., Hasanuddin, D. D., & Mawarni, I. (2019). Pemanfaatan Tumbuhan Ketepeng Cina (Cassia alata L.) Sebagai Obat Sariawan dan Bau Mulut. Pharmauho, 5(April), 201–210.

Marpang, M. P., & Septiyani, A. (2020). Penentuan Parameter Spesifik dan Nonspesifik Ekstrak Kental Etanol Batang Akar Kuning (Fibraurea chloroleuca Miers). Journal of Pharmacopolium, 3(2), 58–67.

Morika, H. D., Anggraini, S. S., Fernando, F., & Sandra, R. (2020). Pengaruh Pemberian Jus Tomat Terhadap Kadar Kolesterol The Influence Of Tomatous Juice On Cholesterol Levels. Jurnal Kesehatan Saintika Meditory, 2, 113–120. https://jurnal.syedzasaintika.ac.id

Musdalipah, Yodha, A. W. M., Karmilah, Tee, S. A., Reymon, Daud, N. S., Setiawan, M. A., Badia, E., & Agustini. (2022). Toksisitas Akut dan Lethal Dose (LD50) Ekstrak Buah Walay (Meistera chinensis) Asal Sulawesi Tenggara Terhadap Mencit (Mus musculus). Pharmacoscript, 5(2), 186–200.

Oktavia, K. N., Aryati, F., & Herman. (2021). Uji Aktivitas Antibakteri Ekstrak Daun Gelinggang (Cassia alata L). Proceeding of Mulawarman Pharmaceuticals Conferences, 14, 160–165. https://doi.org/10.25026/mpc.v14i1.561

PERKI. (2022). Panduan Tata Laksana Dislipidemia. Perhimpunan Dokter Spesialis Kardiovaskular Indonesia.

Rachmawati, N. A., Wasita, B., & Kartikasari, L. R. (2019). Basil Leaves (Ocimum sanctum linn.) Extract Decreases Total Cholesterol Levels in Hypercholesterolemia Sprague Dawley Rats Model. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering. https://doi.org/10.1088/1757-899X/546/6/062020

Rahmawati, Muflihunna, A., Kusuma, A. T., & Hardiyanti. (2015). Analisis Kadar Flavonoid dan Fenolik Total Fraksi Etil Asetat Daun Ketepeng Cina (Senna alata (L.) Roxb) Dengan Metode Spektrofotometri UV-Visible. Jurnal Ilmiah As-Syifaa, 7(1), 10–18. https://doi.org/10.33096/jifa.v7i1.16

Reddy V, N. V. L. S., Pooja Raj, G. B., Ganga Raju, M., & Anarthe, S. J. (2015). Antihyperlipidemic Activity of Cassia fistula Bark Using High Fat Diet Induced Hyperlipidemia. International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 7(10), 61–64.

Riadi, S., Chriswahyudi, Roswandi, I., Kurnia, T. E., & FF, I. R. (2021). Analisa Pengaruh Penambahan Polydon Terhadap Ketahanan Fisik Dan Perbedaan Kualitas Supplier Polydon di PT X. Jurnal Teknologi UMJ, 13(2), 179–192.

Siregar, A. J., & Mambang, D. E. P. (2021). Uji Aktivitas Antikolesterol Ekstrak Etanol Daun Tekelan (Chromolaena odorata (L.) R. King & H. Rob) Pada Tikus Jantan Putih (Rattus norvegicus). Farmasainkes: Jurnal Farmasi, Sains, dan Kesehatan, 1(1), 68–78. https://doi.org/10.32696/fjfsk.v1i1.818

Srinivasan, S., & Pari, L. (2013). Antihyperlipidemic effect of diosmin: A citrus flavonoid on lipid metabolism in experimental diabetic rats. Journal of Functional Foods, 5(1), 484–492. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jff.2012.12.004

Suwaibah, H, S., & Alrosyidi, A. F. (2021). Pengaruh Air Rebusan Daun Pandan Wangi Terhadap Penurunan Kadar Kolesterol Pada Mencit Jantan yang di Induksi Propiltiourasil. Jurnal Ilmiah Farmasi Attamru, 2(1), 6–13. https://doi.org/10.31102/attamru.v2i1.1264

Thahir, Z., & Azizah, N. A. (2019). Uji Efek Antidiare Ekstrak Daun Mengkudu (Morinda citrifolia L.) Pada Mencit (Mus musculus). Jurnal Kesehatan Yamasai Makassar, 3(2). https://doi.org/10.16194/j.cnki.31-1059/g4.2011.07.016

Tsao, C. W., Aday, A. W., Almarzooq, Z. I., Anderson, C. A. M., Arora, P., Avery, C. L., Baker-Smith, C. M., Beaton, A. Z., Boehme, A. K., Buxton, A. E., Commodore-Mensah, Y., Elkind, M. S. V., Evenson, K. R., Eze-Nliam, C., Fugar, S., Generoso, G., Heard, D. G., Hiremath, S., Ho, J. E., … Martin, S. S. (2023). Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics - 2023 Update: A Report from the American Heart Association. In Circulation (Vol. 147, Issue 8). https://doi.org/10.1161/CIR.0000000000001123

WHO. (2022). Noncommunicable diseases. https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/noncommunicable-diseases. Diakses 25 September 2023

Yusuf, M. I. (2016). Uji Efek Ekstrak Herba Meniran (Premna corymbosa R. & W) Terhadap Penurunan Kadar Kolesterol Total Darah Mencit (Mus musculus). Jurnal Analis Kesehatan Kendari, I(1), 1–7.

Published
2024-03-26