FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI STIGMA MASYARAKAT TERHADAP PENDERITA GANGGUAN JIWA

Abstract

The number of people with mental disorders in Indonesia continues to increase from year to year. This is exacerbated by the negative stigma against people with mental disorders in society. The negative stigma attached to people with mental disorders can be influenced by various factors such as education, knowledge, attitudes, and culture. This study aims to determine the factors that influence the public stigma towards people with mental disorders. The type of research used is descriptive correlation. The population in this study was the community of Sumedang Regency. The sampling technique used simple random sampling with a total of 385 people. Data collection tools used were the Mental Health Knowledge Schedule (MHKS) questionnaire to measure knowledge, Community Attitudes Toward Mental Illness (CAMI) to measure attitudes, Multicultural Mental Health Awareness Scale (MMHAS) to measure culture and Perception Discrimination Devaluation Scale (PDDS) to measure stigma. The study found that 59.74% had low education levels, 51.43% had poor knowledge, 52.97% had negative attitudes, 53.51% had unsupportive cultural practices, and 62.86% had high stigma. There was a correlation between education level and societal stigma toward people with mental disorders (P-Value <0.05). There was a correlation between knowledge level and societal stigma toward people with mental disorders (P-Value 0.02). There was a correlation between attitudes and societal stigma toward people with mental disorders (P-Value 0.03). There was a correlation between culture and societal stigma toward people with mental disorders (P-Value 0.02). This study recommends that healthcare professionals improve public education to reduce stigma toward people with mental disorders.